"德者，得也"传统德育意涵辨析－－兼议当前一种以"得"论"德"的现象

"Virtue Means Acquiring ": Implication Analysis of Traditionally Moral Education

"德者，得也"是我国古代以声训方式解释"德"概念的一种常见表述，一般情况下我们可以将其表述为"德者，得道也"。但在道家和儒家学说中，其内涵有所区别，道家的"德"是"道"体现于个物中的质的规定性，儒家的"德"是人类个体对"道"的内化，具有丰富的德育内涵。在今人引证这句古语来讨论"得"与"德"的关系时，常常以物质功利之"得"来附会原句中的"得"字，其在道德动机上的导向不仅和古意有出入，而且其实际德育效果也很难说是积极的。

"Virtue means acquiring", which is a common expression of explaining the concept of "Virtue" in phonetically paraphrasing way. In general, we can express it as "virtue" means getting "Tao". However, there are some differences between Taoism and Confucianism. "Virtue" in Taoist is the essential definition of things, which Tao embodies, but in Confucianism it is the internalization of "Tao" for individuals and it has rich implications.