美国当代进步主义取向的学校变革———"要素学校联盟"的原则、实践基准和组织模式研究

The Current School Reform Based on the Idea of Progressivism Education in U.S.———Study on Principles，Practice Benchmarks and Organizational Pattern of "Coalition of Essential Schools"

"要素学校联盟"是创建于美国20世纪80年代具有进步主义教育倾向的学校联盟系统。其十大共同原则和十四项实践基准一方面坚持了传统的进步主义教育理念，另一方面为迎合保守主义的教育政策对传统进步教育的原则进行了创新和变通。其在坚持共同原则和实践基准下注重发挥各联盟学校改革主体作用的松散型管理方式，是值得自下而上的学校改革学习、借鉴的。

Founded in 1980s in the U.S., "Coalition of Essential Schools" is a K-12 schools coalition system. It is progressivism education oriented. On one hand, its ten common principles and fourteen practice benchmarks are based on the traditional concept of progressivism education; on the other hand, some innovations and adaptations in the traditional progressivism education principles are made so as to cater to the policy of Conservative Education. The loose management style, which gives full play to the major reform function of each coalitional school under the common principles and practice benchmarks, is a great lesson for the bottom-top school reform.