东非“马德拉沙儿童早期发展计划”评析

An Analysis on Madrasa Early Childhood Development Programme in East Africa

东非“马德拉沙儿童早期发展计划”始于20 世纪80 年代，它是阿迦汗基金会资助的区域首创计划。该计划产生于东非穆斯林儿童教育劣势和东非多元宗教信仰与教育选择冲突的背景中。为创立一个低成本高效率、依托社区的学前教育体系，该计划采取的策略是进行传统与现代元素相结合的课程开发，马德拉沙经营与管理机构的建设以及依托社区谋发展等。目前，该计划名下的学前教育在数量和质量上都取得了一定成效，但也面临着价值多元与能力建设的挑战。该计划在争取慈善教育项目、学习国际非政府组织运作模式、动员并引导民间力量发展教育、尊重本土文化与注重文化选择和重视为家长提供科学指导等方面，为我国学前教育发展提供了一些思路。

MECD in East Africa started in the 1980s, which was the first regional initiative funded by the Aga Khan Foundation. MECD emerged in the background of the Muslim children in East Africa being in the educational vicious cycle and the conflict between the diverse religious values and education choices. In order to create a low- cost, effective and community- based preschool model, MECD adopted some strategies, such as developing curriculum, building the institution of madrasa operation and management and establishing contact with the community. MECD has achieved some success in quantity and quality of preschool education, but it faces challenges of the diverse values and capacity building. It provides some ideas for our preschool education development, such as seeking charitable education program, learning the international NGOs' operational model, mobilizing social forces to participate in educational development, respecting religious local culture and focusing on cultural choices and offering scientific guidance to parents.