美国学校增值性评价模式研究

Study on the Value Added Assessment System for Schools in America

增值性评价是目前较为科学准确的衡量学校效能的方法。美国是世界范围内增值性评价开展最早、模式较为完善的国家。本文以俄亥俄州的增值性评价模式为代表，从数据来源、模型使用、控制变量、增值网上系统、增值分数的应用五个角度对美国的学校增值性评价模式进行分析，并指出美国学校增值性评价模式对于建立我国学校增值性评价模式的借鉴意义。

Value Added Assessment System in America has developed years for assessing school effectiveness. Ohio is the representative of the districts which use VAAS for assessing school effectiveness. The VAAS constitutes five parts：data resource, models, control variable, the value-added assessment online system and the application of value-added score. Based on the above analysis, this paper discusses the necessity of developing our own value added assessment system for school effectiveness scientifically, and we can draw lessons from the VAAS in America to construct our VAAS and use the value-added score for educational purpose.