“影子教育”之全球扩张：教育公平、质量、发展中的利弊谈

The Global Expansion of Shadow Education：Subverting or Enhancing Equity,Quality and Development？

“影子教育”这一术语已被广泛用于描述利用校外时间对学校科目进行的私人补充教育。在世界上的一些地区，“影子教育”已作为一种显著的教育现象历经了几十年，而在另一些地区，则是在近几年才变得突出。“影子教育”在全球逐渐扩张，中国也不例外。它给政策制定者、教师、家庭和学生带来了一系列挑战。“影子教育”在有些方面是有益的，但在有些方面却带来了问题。

The term 'shadow education' has gained widespread use to describe private supplementary tutoring in academic subjects outside school time.The metaphor is used because the core of such tutoring mimics the mainstream school system. When the curriculum in the mainstream changes, it also changes in the shadow.And when the mainstream expands, so does the shadow. In some parts of the world, shadow education has been prominent for some decades. In other settings it has only recently become strongly visible. It appears that shadow education is expanding worldwide, including in China. It brings a range of challenges to policy makers, teachers,families and students. Some dimensions of shadow education may be beneficial, but others are nroblematic.