学习元与学习对象的多维比较研究——学习资源聚合模型发展新趋势

Multi-dimensional Comparison between Learning Cell and Learning Object——New Trends in the Development of Learning Resources Aggregation Model

在新技术与学习理念的双重推动下，学习资源正朝着可进化、分布式、社会性、情境性、开放性和复合性的方向发展。支持传递接受范式教学的学习对象已经无法满足泛在学习对学习资源进化生长、过程性信息跟踪、人际智慧聚合、多终端支持、无限群体的个性化学习等多方面的实际需求。学习元是在学习对象基础上发展起来的适合泛在学习的一种新型资源组织方式，顺应了学习资源的发展趋势，是未来学习资源设计与共享发展的新方向。本文从历史背景、概念特征、学习理念、信息组织、信息模型、存储结构、质量控制、共享范围等多个层面对学习元和学习对象进行了对比分析，并在此基础上总结了学习资源聚合模型发展的新趋势。

Driven by new technologies and learning theories, learning resources are developing towards the directions of being evolvable, distributed, shared, contextual, open and comprehensive. By contrast, learning objects are based on the linear sending-receiving instructional paradigm and can no longer meet ubiquitous learning's demands, such as the evolution of learning resources, progressive information tracking, interpersonal wisdom collecting, multiple-terminal support, and individualized learning in no-boundary learning communities. Learning cell, invented based on learning objects, is a new way to organize learning resources. It conforms to the development tendency, and will be the new direction of learning resources design and sharing. Here we analyze the differences between learning cell and learning objects from historical background, definition and characteristics, learning theory, information organization, information model, storage structure, quality control, and the scope of sharing. We then summarize new development trends based the results of comparison.