竞争与非竞争情景下心算过程脑机制差异研究

Mental Arithmetic Differences of Brain Mechanism in Competitive and Non-competitive Situations

随着脑科学研究的发展，越来越多的教育研究者开始探寻学习过程中的大脑机制，进行基于脑的学习研究，希望为教育现象提供新的科学的解释。本研究就是从心算这一重要数学认知方式入手，研究竞争与非竞争情景下心算过程脑机制的差异。研究使用事件相关脑电位检测设备(ERP) 对竞争与非竞争情景下的心算过程脑电成分进行对比研究，主要包括N1、P1、N2、P300、LPC 这五种脑电主要成分的差异分析，获得不同学习情景对认知加工过程的脑机制差异，从而揭示了竞争组与非竞争组在心算的三个认知加工阶段存在不同的差异以及这些差异存在的可能原因。希望研究能为竞争情境在心算学习中的应用提供脑机制的相关基础研究。

With the development of brain research, more and more educational researchers began to explore the brain mechanisms of learning, and to embark on brain-based learning research. This article intends to offer a new scientific explanation for this research trend. This study starts with mental arithmetic-an important type of mathematical cognition, and then focuses on the differences in brain mechanisms during mental arithmetic under the competitive scenario. This study uses event-related potentials test equipment (ERP) for comparative study of the EEG during mental arithmetic components, in both competitive and non-competitive contexts. It examines the five main components of the differences in EEG analysis, and the different learning scenarios for the brain mechanisms of cognitive processing differences. The results reveal the differences and the possible reasons for these differences between the competitive and the non-competitive groups in mental arithmetic's three stages of cognitive processing. This study provides a brain-related basic research for the design of the competitive situations in the application of learning mental arithmetic.