體育教學之美育的探討--以杜威的藝術觀為理論基礎

The Study of Aesthetic Education in Teaching of Physical Education: A Perspective of John Dewey's Theory of Art

本研究以杜威的藝術觀點為理論基礎，並透過分析法探討體育教學之美育的內涵與實踐方式。首先，敘述傳統體育教學重視工具性價值而忽略其美育成份的事實。其次，描述體育教學的美育內涵，此包含學生具有運動者與欣賞者等兩個層面之審美經驗。再者，提出體育教學可以運用：一、提供完整性運動經盲的機會；二、給予較多創造與想像的空間；三、鼓勵情感的表達；四、引導如何欣賞運動；五、善用體育教學的媒介；六、專注運動表現的過程；七、勿過度強調反省性的經驗等七項方式實踐美育。最後，則再次強調體育教學的美育成分需求被加以重視。

The study is based on John Dewey's theory of art to explore the connotation and implementation of aesthetic education in teaching of physical education. First， it is expounded that traditional teaching method of physical education neglects aesthetic education and focuses mainly on its instrumental value. Second， the aesthetic experiences of students (sporting performers and audiences) are discussed. Third， seven approaches of implementing aesthetic education are recommended as followed: to provide the changes to experience thorough and complete exercises， to allow more creation and imagination， to encourage expression of emotion， to instruct the ways of appreciating sports， to make the best use of physical education medium， to focus on the process of sporting performance and not to overemphasize the reflective experiences. Finally， it is urged to put more emphasis on the aesthetic educathion in teaching of physical education.