傑出女性科學家成功因素與性別議題之探討

Success Factors and Gender Issues of Eminent Women in Science

本研究以台灣七位傑出女性科學家作為研究參與者，經由深度訪談及相關文件的蒐集，以了解女性科學家表現傑出的因素，作為成功女性角色的範式，並探討相關性別議題。本研究從研究參與者的生涯發展影響因素中，歸納傑出女性科學家成功的因素，包括個人、家庭與環境因素。家庭因素方面又分為原生家庭父母之影響，以及婚姻與家庭照顧責任兩大因素。個人因素包括具有靈敏的研究眼光與創新的見解，善於時間的管理，專業知能深入，興趣高昂、熱愛工作，有毅力、堅持自己的目標，遇到阻力不輕言放棄等。家庭因素包括父母及配偶的尊重與支持。環境因素包括重要他人的賞識與提拔、工作場所有充分的學術自由及互相切磋的同儕，最後能掌握機會成為該專業領域的先鋒。

The purpose of this study was to explore the success factors and gender issues of eminent women in science. In-depth interview was used to acquire rich data from seven eminent women in Taiwan who are professors or researchers in science. A semi-structured outline was used to serve as a reminder or guide to the researcher during interviewing. Their success factors and gender issues in their professional fields were analyzed. The major finding was that the career development of these seven eminent women in science appeared to be affected by significant others， unique personalities， family support and environment factors. Significant others often meant parents and teachers. Personalities indicated being creative， determined， motivated， energetic， independent， enjoying works， and persistent in their fields. As for family support， parents were the important support of the subjects. In addition to their parents， for those who were married， they were encouraged by their husbands in academic work， no matter what research fields the husbands were in. On their career， they had a lot of positive interactions with their peers and appreciation or promotion from their higher-up. All of these factors made these female scientists pioneers in specific academic fields.