英国高等教育市场化趋向:经费筹措视角

Marketization of Higher Education in the UK: The Perspective of Financing

高等教育市场化是当代西方高等教育发展的重要趋势，20世纪80年代撒切尔政府开始大幅削减高等教育经费，英国高校为求生存不得不走向市场化改革之路。英国高等教育市场化趋向表现为:实行高等教育成本分担，改革高等教育拨款方式，拓宽高等教育筹资渠道，建立创业型大学等。这些举措既弥补了高等教育经费的不足，也极大地增强了高等院校的活力和独立性。

Marketization of higher education is an important trend in contemporary western higher education. In the 1980s the Thatcher government has begun to cut the budget for higher education， and British universities and colleges had to take the road of marketization reforms in order to survive. Marketization of higher education includes implementing the cost sharing of higher education， reforming the funding way of higher education， broadening the financing channels of higher education， establishing the entrepreneurial universities， and so on， which has compensated for the lack of funding， but also enhanced the vitality and independence of British universities greatly.