高等教育公平与学费政策选择

Choice between Higher Education Equity and Tuition Policy

高等教育学费政策取决于政府效用与教育公平的匹配情况，当存在完善的贫困生资助制度时，二者能在一定程度上得到兼顾，高学费、高资助政策是满足激励兼容条件的最优选择。但就我国当前而言，由于资助制度不完善，高学费仍会冲击教育公平，政府必须通过高财政投入来控制学费水平。此外，高等教育的个人收益率有较大不确定性，应据此制定差异化学费政策。

Tuition policy of higher education is determined by the mapping between government effectiveness and education equity. When there is sound funding system for poor students， education equity and tuition policy can be given due consideration at the same time. High tuition and high funding policy is the optimal choice to satisfy the incentive compatibility conditions. Due to the immature funding system in China， high tuition tends to break education equity， which necessitates the government to increase financial investment to control tuition level. Given the relatively large uncertainty in the return of higher education， it is suggested that government should make differentiating tuition policy.