小学生学校生活质量（QSL)调查研究 ─ 以北京市2248名学生为例

Research on the Qualtiy of School Life of Primay School Students : A Case Study of 2248 Primary School Students In Beijing

学校生活质量是衡量学校效能的重要因素，可以分为物质条件、校园安全、健康、学习、师生关系、同伴关系、参与和全纳八个维度。通过对北京市2248名小学生学校生活质量进行的问卷调查发现：第一，北京市小学生学校生活质量总体上达到了较高水平，其中校园安全、师生关系、同伴关系三个维度的学校生活质量最高，健康维度最低；第二，小学生学校生活质量在性别、学业成绩、学校位置、学校优劣、择校与否等人口学变量上存在显著差异，且人口学变量在多个维度上存在着主效应和交互影响效应。该研究为分析评估小学生学校生活质量提供了重要的参考指标，建议将学生身体健康纳人到学校管理体系中；对学业成就的追求要建立在健康第一的基础上；要考虑到性别差异和成绩的差异，给予那些处于不利地位的学生更多的关爱和照顾；要给择校生更多的关怀，提高其学校生活质量。

The quality of school life(QSL) is an important factor to measure school effectiveness.QSL can be divided into eight dimensions: material condition，school safety，health，study，teacher-student relationship，peer relationship，involvement and inclusiveness.The study through a questionnaire survey of QSL of 2248 pupils in Beijing fount that:(1) the overall QSL of pupils in Beijing reached relatively high level，in which school safety，teacher-student relationship and peer relationship reached the highest level，while health the lowest;(2) the demographic variables such as gender，academic performance，school location，school quality and school choice had significant influence on QSL.The demographic variables had main effects and interaction effects on multiple dimensions of QSL.This paper provides important reference to analyze and evaluate QSL of primary school students，and proposes that the school management system involve health indicators and the pursuit of academic achievement be based on the principle of ＂health first＂.In order to improve the QSL，educators should also take into account the differences of gender and academic achievement，and give more love and care to the disadvantaged students and those who choose schools.