当代中国爱国主义教育的话语分析:国家认同的视角

A Discourse Analysis of Current Patriotism Education in China: From the Perspective of State Identity

爱国主义教育本质上是一种国家认同教育。基于文本所进行的话语分析表明，当代中国爱国主义教育存在两种认同模式，即:以中华民族为核心的民族国家认同模式和以公民为主体的公民国家认同模式。两种认同教育的目标与内容的重心各异，在价值观上分别表现为特殊主义与普遍主义的并存、公重于私与公私互补的并存，由此构成了当代爱国主义教育话语中的内在紧张与冲突。当代中国社会发展的特殊国情，决定了两种认同教育共存之必要。化解两种认同模式之间的紧张与冲突，需要以公民国家认同教育为重心，通过构建公共文化来重塑爱国主义教育话语。

Patriotism education is essentially a kind of state identity education. In light of the discourse analysis of this paper， two different types of state identity models exist in current patriotism education in China， namely， Nation-State Identity with Chinese nation as the core and State Identity with citizen as the subjects. The two identity education models have different emphasis in goals and contents; and their values are reflected as particularism versus universalism and public interest overriding private interest versus the mutual complement of the two kinds of interest. This leads to the internal tension and conflict of current patriotism education discourse. The necessity of the coexistence of both identity education models is determined by the special situation of contemporary China. In order to dissolve the internal tension and conflict of the two kinds of state identity education， we should take Citizen-State Identity education as priority and reshape patriotism education discourse through the construction of public culture.