西班牙教师教育标准及其特点分析

The Characteristics of Teacher Education Standards in Spain

1975年结束了军人专制统治后，西班牙走向了民主法治的道路。西班牙教育发展严格遵循法律规定。无论是各级教师的职前课程培养标准，还是各级教师的招聘录用标准，均是通过法律的形式颁布的。西班牙实施以自治区为单位的地方行政自治管理体制。尽管国家有统一的规定，但是各地方又可以根据各地区的特点，制定相应的规定。西班牙的大学都具有自治性，培养教师的课程标准也是不尽相同的。西班牙教师专业标准的主要特点表现在:一是强调通适教育知识和专业学科知识，二是注重专业学科教师的教学能力、团队合作能力和社交能力，三是重视学生普世价值观的培养。

Spain went toward to the democratic way after finishing the military dictatorial government in 1975. The education development is obedient to the law. The education law includes the standards of teacher education curriculum and teachers recruitment under the decentralized system， the local government can have their deferent laws according to their own situation and the universities are all autonomous to decide the criterions of teacher education curriculum. The characteristics of standards o teacher education are a) emphasize the liberal education and professional knowledge， b) stress capacities of teaching， cooperation and communication， c) pay attention to the universal value for students.