教育、行业分割与性别收入差异—基于中国大学生就业调查的分析

Education%2C Industry Segregation and Gender Wage Gap: Evidence from College Graduate Surveys in China

本文利用2009年北京大学的“高校毕业生就业调查”及麦可思公司的“全国大学毕业生就业调查”数据，将行业分割纳入对中国大学毕业生性别工资差距的研究。本研究主要利用布朗-穆恩-扎罗斯全因素分解模型进行分析。研究结果表明，所有行业中都存在性别收入差距，该差距随着个体受教育程度的提高而增大。性别收入差距主要由行业内的性别收入差别导致，而非行业间的收入差异。此外，行业内的性别收入差别在本科毕业生群体中主要来源于行业内的性别歧视，硕士毕业生中的性别差异主要是由于性别间的个人特征差异所引起。因此，为了促进劳动力市场中的性别平等，政府应当首先考虑利用那些能改善行业内部性别歧视情况的政策工具。

Using 2009 Peking University’s College Graduate Employment Survey and MYCOS College Graduate Survey， this study links industry segregation to gender wage gap among college graduates in China. It borrows Brown-Moon-Zoloth’s decomposition model (1980) and finds that the gap exists in very industry and becomes larger as one’s education level advances. The total factor decomposition reveals the gap is largely attributed to within-industry wage difference， which in turn is a result of gender discrimination among undergraduates and a consequence of gender difference is characteristics among graduate students. To achieve gender equity in labour market， government should first consider policy tools which elevate gender discrimination within industry.