效率和生产率方法在高校科研评价中的应用

The Application of Efficiency and Productivity Analysis Methods on University Research Assessment

自法雷尔1957年提出多投入生产单元的经济效率的测量方法以来，效率和生产率研究已成为经济学研究领域一项重要的内容，其分析方法取得了诸多新进展，参数与非参数方法各具特色。高校科研生产具有典型的多投入、多产出的特征，因此，将效率和生产率分析方法引入高校科研评估领域，对于高校科研发展制定科学决策具有重要意义。本文系统梳理了效率和生产率分析的理论方法及其实证研究，并在此基础上讨论了高校科研评价实践应用中存在的局限，分析高校科研效率和生产率研究进一步深入和扩展的空间，以期为未来的研究和实践应用提供方法论和研究设计方面的参考。

The core of the growth and development is to increase productivity. And to increase productivity， efficiency is the key. Since Farrell developed the measurement model for economic efficiency in 1957， efficiency and productivity have been important topics of the field. The analysis methods underwent many new developments. Parametric and non-parametric models each have unique features. University research production is multi-input and multi-output in nature. So it is very important to apply the efficiency and productivity models in university research evaluation in order to effectively provide policy makers with accurate information. This study reviewed the latest advances of efficiency and productivity analysis methods and empirical researches， and discussed the possible application of the models in research evaluation， providing a reference of methodology and research design for future studies.