引導學校邁向正向組織之遠見校長經驗分析

An Analysis of the Experiences of Visionary Principals in Leading Schools Toward Positive Organizations

正向組織是正向心理學的重要支柱，具有正向組織特性的學校，充滿正向能量和活力，展現特別的優勢，學校效能顯著且超乎預期，可以建構健全和永續發展的學校。目前針對學校正向組織的實證研究仍然較少，尤其具有遠見的校長如何形塑學校成為正向組織，是值得探究的議題。本研究採取質性的詮釋現象學研究，訪談12位國小校長，從正向組織的特徵、正向超越治理、成員正向美德、良好組織關係、鼓動人心領導、成員正向情緒等要素，探析國小遠見校長如何形塑國民小學正向組織。本研究發現，正向組織以學生學習為中心，積極引進資源、勇於創新及具有向上提升之動能。校長能透過創意、建構學校辦學特色、以身作則、正向能量、團隊和諧及善用多樣領導模式，營造學校成為正向組織。

Positive organization is an important pillar of positive psychology. Schools with positive organization are full of positive energy and vitality, displaying special strengths, and their effectiveness can significantly exceed expectations, building sound and sustainable school development. Currently, there is still a lack of empirical research on positive organization in schools, and it is worth exploring how visionary principals can shape their schools into positive organizations. This research adopted a qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological approach and collected data through interviewing 12 visionary elementary school principals, from the perspectives of characteristics, positive practices, relationship enhancement, individual attributes, dynamic leadership, emotional well-being, to investigate how principals to shape positive school organization. This study found that positive organizations are student learning-centered, resourceful, innovative and upwardly mobile. Principals created positive organizations through creativity, school identity building, leading by example, positive energy, team harmony, and diverse leadership styles.