學士層級團體諮商實習課程訓練效果之分析研究

The Effect of Bachelor's-Level Group Counseling Practicum Training Course

本研究旨在了解學士層級團體諮商實習課程對學士層級新手團體領導者之團體領導能力的訓練效果。本研究採取準實驗法的單組前後測實驗設計，針對20位學士層級之新手團體領導者進行課程介入及效果評估。本研究使用SPSS進行Wilcoxon符號等級檢定進行資料處理，並結合學生反思札記來了解本團體諮商實習訓練課程對學生團體諮商領導能力的教學效果。研究結果發現新手團體領導者在團體領導總能力上有顯著進步，且效果具有延續現象，其中各分量表的改變略有不同，在「團體進行前的準備技巧」上有非常顯著的成長（p< .001），並具有長期效果，在「團體過程的領導技巧」和「團體諮商專業倫理行為」上也有顯著的成長（p< .05），然而在「領導者心理與行為特質」與「理論基礎」上之成長則未達顯著。研究者建議在教學課程的部分，未來可考慮延長團體督導時數或搭配進行個別督導；在研究設計的部分，建議後續研究能採取混合研究設計，除了量的評估外，兼採質性研究方法進行系統化分析，更能清楚看到團體諮商實習課程對新手領導者的訓練效果的促進因素。

 

The research is aimed at establishing a training model for bachelor’s-level novice group leaders, followed by measuring its effect on the training. We adopted a one-group pretest-posttest design for 20 bachelor’s novice group leaders. ""Group Counseling Leadership Scale"" was employed to measure participants’ group leadership before and after the course, and again three months later in a follow-up test. The results showed that the participants significantly improve in the group counseling competence in a stable and long-term manner. The performances of the five dimensions in group counseling competence were slightly different. Participants’ preparation skills before group counseling practicum showed significant growth (p < .001) and exhibited extended effects. Participants also showed significant growth in group process leading skills and professional code of ethics in group counseling (p < .05). However, participants showed no significant growth in leaders’ psychology, behavioral traits, and theoretical basis. This training course is indeed a significant help for the participants’ group leadership competence. In addition, the improvement of pre-group preparation skills had a long-term effect, and the total score of leadership competence did not drop in the tracking test.

The suggestions are made in the study for the follow-up research: (1) For teaching the course, the group supervision hours may be extended or the group supervision can be combined with individual supervision; (2) for research, a mixed-methods research can be adopted. In addition to quantitative evaluation, qualitative research methods can be carried out for systematic analysis. As such we can clearly see the factors that promote the training effect of group counseling practice courses on novice leaders.