退化性膝關節炎患者自我管理行為之預測因子

Predictiors of Self-Management Behaviors in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis

目的：本研究目的為探討退化性膝關節炎患者自我管理行為之預測因子。方法：採橫斷式研究設計，以方便取樣針對北部某區域醫院門診之退化性膝關節炎患者進行調查，共140人參與研究，使用結構式問卷蒐集資料。以SPSS 21.0版統計軟體進行描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數、皮爾森積差相關及多元迴歸之統計分析。結果：研究對象之自我效能、社會支持與自我管理行為呈顯著正相關；迴歸分析顯示社會支持（β = .221, p < .001）、自我效能（β = .106, p < .001）、教育程度是自我管理行為的重要預測因子，可解釋總變異量41.5%。討論：本研究支持自我效能、社會支持與自我管理行為之相關性，建議臨床醫護人員應評估退化性膝關節炎患者的自我管理行為，提供個別化疾病照護資訊及支持，尤其是低教育程度、低自我效能及缺乏社會支持之患者，以期改善關節炎症狀，提升生活品質。

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the predictors of self-management behavior in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed and convenience sampling was performed to recruit patients with KOA from the outpatient clinic of a regional hospital in northern Taiwan. A total of 140 patients participated in the present study, and a structured questionnaire was used to collect their data. SPSS Statistics V21.0 was adopted to perform descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson product-moment correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The participants’ self-efficacy, social support, and self-management behavior were significantly and positively correlated. According to regression analysis results, social support (β = .221, p < .001), self-efficacy (β = .106, p < .001), and education level were crucial predictors of self-management behavior; they explained 41.5% of the total variance. Conclusion/Implications for Practice: This study confirmed the correlation between self-efficacy, social support, and self-management behavior. Clinical nurses should evaluate the sel management behavior of patients with KOA, provide individualized disease care information and support. Particularly, additional assistance should be provided to patients with low level of education or low self-efficacy, and to patients who lack social support, thereby mitigating their KOA symptoms and improving their quality of life.