《左傳》人物名字考論八則

The Discussion on Eight Characters in Zuo Zhuan by Their First Names & Courtesy Names

本文討論《左傳》八位人物之名與字關係，依《左傳》卷秩為次，依序為楚潘尪字師叔、宋皇鄖字椒、莒蒲茲夫字餘侯、晉梁養字餘子、鄭游速字子寬、衛王孫賈字商、吳大宰嚭字子餘與晉司馬寅、董褐。晉司馬寅與董褐僅知為同一人，未知寅、褐何者為名、何者為字，故並列呈現。八人名與字關係或為字義相關，如皇鄖、王孫賈、大宰嚭；或取反義關係，如游速、司馬寅與董褐；尚有近義聯想之例，如蒲茲夫、梁養，另見古語活用者，如潘尪。

 

According to the volumes of Zuo Zhuan in sequence, this article discusses the relevance between first names and courtesy names of the eight characters in the text. The following eight characters are in sequence of volumes: Dà-fū (the senior official of Chǔ State), Pān Wāng’s courtesy name is “Shī-shū”; Sī-mǎ (the military official of Sòng State), Huáng Yún’s is “Jiāo”; Pú zī fū’s (from Jǔ State) is “Yú-hóu”; Liáng Yǎng’s (from Jìn State) is “Yú-zǐ”; Dà-fū (the senior official of Zhèng State), Yóu Sù’s is “Zi-kuān”; Wáng-sūn Jǔ’s (Wèi Líng Gōng’s grandson) is “Shāng”; Dà-zǎi (the official of Wú State), Pǐ’s is “Zi-yú”and Dà-fū (the senior official of Jìn State), Sī-mǎ Yín’s is “Hè” (probably). Sī-mǎ Yín & Dǒng Hè is actually a person with two different first names; however, it is uncertain whether Yín or Hè is the first name or courtesy name, therefore, this article shows them both. The relevance between first names and courtesy names of these eight characters is literal meaning such as Huáng Yún, Wáng-sūn Jǔ and Dà-zǎi Pǐ; or it is opposite meaning, for instance, Yóu Sù and Sī-mǎ Yín (Dǒng Hè). Moreover, it is also similar meaning like Pú zī fū and Liáng Yǎng. Pān Wāng is another example for taking an old saying.