A Beacon-less Relay-node Selection Method for 3-D Scenarios in Internet of Vehicle

A Beacon-less Relay-node Selection Method for 3-D Scenarios in Internet of Vehicle

Internet of Vehicles (IoV) presents a multilevel feature when vehicles move in multilevel scenarios, such as interchange. Wireless channels and node distribution in 3-D scenarios is more complex compared to that in 2-D scenarios, which leads to a smaller range of communication when sender and receiver are located on the different levels compared to the communication range when they are on the same level. It leads to the issues that hop count increases and delivery ratio decreases in the process of relay-node selection, and then makes the relay-node selection more challenging in the multilevel environment. Moreover, the flood beacon for location information exchange of nodes can occupy too much spectrum resources and lack of the real-time. To address the issues, we propose a Relay Selection method based on black-burst for Bi-layer Straight road scenarios (RSBS). The simulation results demonstrate that RSBS not only reduces the possibility of hop increases of average 30% but also reduces the possibility of delivery ratio decreases over average 30% compared to EPBP method.