一次單元網路諮商運用於大學生網路成癮之症狀變化與成效

The Application of Single-Session Web-Based Counseling Model to College Internet Addicts: Changes of Symptoms and Effectiveness

本研究採用多重個案研究法探討網路成癮大學生透過網路參與一次單元諮商模式之經驗。經召募二位網路成癮大學生，給予一次單元諮商模式網路個別諮商與追蹤。研究者於每次諮商與追蹤收集陳氏網路成癮量表之分數，諮商結束後以訪談收集當事人的諮商經驗，再透過文本編碼、反覆閱讀與討論文本、擷取意義與概念、建立內部一致性、發展編碼架構之程序以分析資料。結果發現一次單元諮商模式對於大學生網路成癮有所改善，生理層面從疲憊無神轉為建立規律維護健康、認知層面從自責無望轉為具備自信抱持希望、情緒層面從罪惡焦慮轉為平靜放鬆愉快正向、行為層面從失控上網轉為控制自律外拓活動；研究並發現一次單元諮商模式之五項策略有益於改善網路成癮：(1)肯定當事人求助行為，提升處理問題的勇氣；(2)促進當事人覺察與認知網路成癮的潛在原因；(3)提升當事人生命價值，建立達成生活目標的信心；(4)協助當事人發展替代活動，累積正向改變的行為；(5)諮商後追蹤當事人，提醒活用諮商所學。

This research employed a multiple case study approach to explore the experiences of two college Internet addicts who participated in a single session web-based counseling. The Chen Internet Addiction Scale was used to measure the symptoms of Internet addiction during the counseling session and again in a follow-up session to record changes. In-depth interviews were conducted to collect the participants' experiences of online counseling. The data were coded, reread and interpreted. After establishing inter-coder reliability, the researchers developed a coding framework. Results indicated that Single Session Counseling Model was effective in making positive changes in Internet addicts. Physically, the participants were no longer fatigued and returned to regular living; cognitively, they changed from self-blame to self-confidence; emotionally, they changed from anxiety to calmness; and behaviorally, they changed from out-of-control to autonomy. Single Session Counseling Model strategies that were helpful in alleviating the symptoms of Internet addiction were: (1) Affirm the participants' help-seeking behavior and develop their courage for dealing with problems; (2) Promote the participants' self-awareness and cognition of the negative impact of Internet addiction; (3) Enhance the participants' perception of life meaning and develop their confidence in achieving life goal; (4) Assist the participants in developing alternative activities and accumulating positive changes; and, (5) After counseling termination, use the follow-up session to remind the participants of lessons learned during counseling.