政府间转移支付对县域基础教育供给的影响－基于江西省的证据

The Effect of Intergovernmental Transfer on the Provision of County Basic Education: On the Basis of Evidence of Jiangxi Province

中国分税制改革后，多数地方政府依赖上级的转移支付提供公共产品，本文重点考察转移支付如何影响地方政府的行为。利用江西省多年县级面板数据进行实证检验，经过对模型形式、数据结构、变量内生等问题的处理后，作者认为存在“粘蝇纸效应”，即上级转移支付对教育支出的影响大于地方自有收入的影响，县级政府更倾向于将上级的补助用于教育事业，主要原因在于样本期内专项转移支付占总转移支付的比重较大，由此直接激励了教育支出。

Many local governments in China rely on the transfer payments from higher level governments to supply public goods after the “revenue-sharing-scheme” reform in 1994. It is of great significance to study how transfer payments affect the behavior of local governments. This paper uses the county-level panel data in Jiangxi Province to carry on an empirical study. After processing the model form, data structure and endogenous variables, we find out there is “flypaper effect” that higher transfer payments have greater impact on expenditure on education than the government's own revenue and the county government inclines to use the grants for education. The main reason is that special transfer payments account for a larger proportion of transfer payments in the sample period, which directly encourages the education expenditure.