日本研究型大学的架构——以京都大学为例

The Architecture of Research Universities in Japan—Kyoto University as an example

加强大学的研究功能是日本科技立国的一项重要措施，促成了一批以研究生教育为主的研究型大学的结构调整和学术发展。京都大学的教育理念和组织体系在日本国立大学中最具典范性。大学法人化改革优化了学术研究的自由环境，研究生院重点化工作加强了研究型大学的研究功能，改良后的大讲座制更有利于研究型人才的培养。日本提高大学创新能力的经验和做法对我国大学的体制改革具有借鉴意义。

To strengthen the advanced research in universities is an important science and technology policy in Japan. This policy contributes to the structural adjustment and academic development of several universities which mainly focus on post-graduate education. Kyoto University can be regarded as a typical model of the universities subjected to this policy due to its educational philosophy and organizational system. The focus of graduate school enhances the university's research capability. Improved large Academic Chair system help bringing up research talents， and university legal personalization reform optimized the academic environment. Their experience in improving university innovation can be a good reference for Chinese university.