组织规章制度与组织决策

Organizational Rules and Organizational Decision Making

本文基于对斯坦福大学组织规章制度演变的研究工作，探讨遵循规章制度的组织行为(简称[循规行为])的基础及其对理解组织决策的意义。在组织学、社会学和心理学的研究成果基础上，本文提出一个更为广阔的循规行为概念，从组织所处的社会环境和文化期待背景下认识组织内的循规行为。作者将个体理性模型与有关集体理性、背景理性的理论思路加以对比，讨论分析那些诱发循规行为的心理和社会机制及其对决策者、决策过程的社会建构所产生的影响；最后将这些观点扩展开来，探讨循规行为对组织灵活性、组织变迁与组织创新的意义。

In this study， I examine the role of rule-following in organizations and its effect on organizational decision making. Drawing on research in organization studies， sociology and psychology， I develop a broad concept of rule-following in the context of social environment and cultural expectations in which formal organizations are situated. By contrasting models of rational choice， collective rationality， and contextual rationality， I discuss those psychological and social mechanisms that induce rule-following behaviors， lead the social construction of decision makers， and frame decision situations. I also discuss the implications of rule-following for organizational flexibility， change， and innovation.