西北贫困地区农村基础教育发展现状调与政策建议

A Survey on the Current Development of Basic Education in Poor Rural Areas in Northwest China and Its Implications on Policy—making

农村基础教育对农材社会经济发展具有重要意义，是社会主义新农村建设的基础，也是新农村建设的重要内容。本研究采用问卷调查和个案研究等方法，调查了西北地区6个国家级分贫困县农村基础教育发展的基本情况。结果表明，西北贫困地区农村在普及义务教育、实现”两基”等方面取得了显著成续，但学生入学特别是女童入学率还比较低，辍学率比较高，师生比在不同类型学校中存在差异，学校办学条件也存在着差异。研究者就如何更好地实施西都贫困地区”两基”攻坚计划、加快西北贫困地区农村基础教育发展提出了具体的政策建议。

Basic education is significant for the socioeconomic development in rural Areas. It constitutes the foundation and content of the New Village Construction. Applying the methods of questionnaire survey and case study， the present study investigated the current situations of basic education in six national—level poverty countries. The findings showed that the remarkable progress has been made in universalizing compulsory education and eliminating illiteracy in these areas. However， the enrollment rate of children， especially girls， remains relatively low， and the drop—out rate is relatively high. The proportion of teacher and student varies in different types of schools， so does the condition of running a school. In view of the findings of the present study， suggestions for policy—making on the basic education in poor rural areas were made.