规模扩大与高等教育入学机会均等化

Expansion and Equality in Chinese Higher Education

中国高等教育机会均等化程度是否通过招生规模的扩大得到了改善？本文对高等教育机会分布随时间的变化进行了研究。实证分析结果表明，如果不考虑高等院校内部分层的因素，城镇居民高等教育入学率的均等化程度在1990年代有了显著的提高；如果考虑高等院校内部分层的因素，则优质高等教育资源有更倾向于经济背景好和社会地位高的家庭的子女的趋势。文章在MMI和EMI理论的基上进一步讨论导致中国高等教育机会变化的原因。

Did the enrolment expansion in Chinese higher education in the last decade equalize the higher education opportunity？This paper explores the role of socio—economic status in determining the access to higher education over time. Findings show that the overall equality of higher education opportunity has been improved by embracing more marginal students from less well—off families into the lower—tier higher education institutions；however， students from families with higher socio—economic statuses have benefited more favorably from the expansion in elite universities. A brief discussion of the causes and potential implications is presented.