人力资本的外部性与行业收入差异

The Relationship between Externalities of Human Capital and Industrial Income Difference

本文使用2000年国家统计局城镇住户调查数据、运用”两阶段计量回归方法”，对中国人力资本外部性与行业收入差异之间的关系进行了实证检验。实证结果显示：第一，中国人力资本存在显著的外部性，即行业平均受教育程度越高则行业收入溢出就越大；第二，行业垄断因素也是产生行业收入差异的主要解释变量之一。

Based on the urban household survey data of the National Bureau of Statistics in 2000， this paper has tested econometrically the relationship between externatlities of human capital and earning differentials of individuals in different industries. The main findings in this paper are：First， human capital has remarkable external effects， namely， the higher the average educational achievement of employees in an industry， the higher the industry’s income premium is. Second， industrial monopoly is an important factor that influences earnings differentials across industries.