西方现代大学学术自治的制度环境基础：一种政治社会学分

On the Institutional Environment of Academic Autonomy in Western Modern Universities

学术自治一直是现代大学的理想追求，也是西方现代大学学术繁荣的前提条件之一。全国考查英国、德国、法国和美国高等教育的发展历程，不难看出，西方现代大学学术自治的实现有其相应的制度环境条件，民主法制条件下有限政府与公民社会的互动为大学学术自治提供了坚实的社会基础。因而，中国现代大学的发展需要制度环境的创新。

The academic autonomy has always been the pursuit of modern universities. As a precondition of western modern universities’ prosperity， academic autonomy has inherent connections with the limited—government and civil—society. In essence， academic autonomy is rooted in the institutional environment.