Liberal Arts 与 Humanities 的区别：概念史的考察

Research on the Relations between [Liberal Arts]and [humanities]

[博雅学艺](liberal arts)与[文科](humanities)是西方教育史上两个核心的概念。在中文学界，liberal arts常常被翻译为[人文学科]或[文科]，这在一定程度上混淆了两者的关系。文艺复兴之后，liberal arts 和 humanities之间的区别越来越大，自始至终，liberal arts囊括了两种性质截然不同的知识，其一是体现敏感性精神的文法、修辞、诗歌，其二是体现几何学精神的算数、几何、天文学，等等，而自文艺复兴之后，人文学的概念已经将数学彻底排除在外。

[Liberal arts] and[humanities]are the most important concepts in western education history， yet the [liberal arts]is usually confused with [humanities]among Chinese scholars. This paper has investigated the term’s connotation and extension in different stages. After the Renaissance， the [liberal arts]and [humanities]have been more and more different， and all through the [liberal arts]refer to two different kinds of subjects， one includes sensitive subjects， such as grammar， rhetoric， poetry； the other one includes geometric subjects， such as arithmetic， geometric， and astronomy.