国别教育研究：意义、现状与发展趋势

The Significance, Present Condition and Future Orientation of Country Study in Comparative Education

国别教育不仅是比较教育研究的重要基础，而且是推动教育理解和教育改革的重要途径。从历史上看，国别教育研究在国别的选择上通常以美、苏、英、法、德、日等发达国家为重点。但20世纪中叶以后，国别教育研究的范围不断扩大，不仅国别上扩展到包括发展中国家在内的所有国家，而且研究的论题呈现在各国自身发展需要和人类发展共同需要并举的趋向，具体体现为以历史融合为取向，以文化研究为基石，以国际理解为使命的发展趋势。

Country study is not only the important basis of comparative education， but also the important ways of educational understanding and reformation. Historically， country study in comparative education focused its research on developed countries such as America， England， France， Soviet Union， Germany and Japan. Since the mid of 20th century， the fields of country study have been enlarged with their contents and topics concerning all the countries and related not only to the country itself， but also to the common issues in worldwide education. Historical orientation， cultural observation and international understanding have become some new trends for country study.