功能主义传统与比较教育方法论

Functionalism Tradition and the Comparative Education Methodology

功能主义与比较教育方法论的关系随着时代的发展而呈现出不同的风貌。本文分别从早期功能主义、现代功能主义与新功能主义三个阶段来展现比较教育学者在不同阶段汲取功能主义理论和方法的努力，并探讨功能主义作为一个多元的社会理论流派对比较教育方法论的启示。

By tracing the historical development of functionalism in social science， the paper explores the influence of functionalism on the methodology of comparative education over time. From the early 19th century to the mid of 20th century， Functionalism was originated and developed by sociologists and authropologists who set forth the basic principles of functionalism. Functionalism reached its climax between 1950 and 1970. In the 1980s， Neo-functionalism emerged which criticized the conservative and positive character of traditional functionalism. The paper illustrates the endeavors of comparative education researchers on the implementation of functionalism and analyses the implications of the functionalism to the comparative education methodology.