特殊教育教育资格制度的比较研究

Comparative Study of Qualification Systems for Special Education Teachers

特殊教育教师是教育中不可或缺的师资。国际上对特殊教育教师普遍采取”教师资格证书 + 特殊教育专业资格证书”的双证书资格制度。在教师职前培养和在职培训中规定必修的特殊教育专业学分。建立中国特色的特殊教育教师资格需要研究和处理四个关系；义务教育教师与非义务教育教师的关系，特教师范专业与非特教师范专业毕业生的关系，特殊学校专业课教师与专业技术人员的关系，特殊学校（班）教师与普通学校随班就读教师的关系。

Teachers of the student with special needs are an indivisible part of the whole teaching profession. The common professional requirements for this type of teachers in many countries are that they should possess two certificates， one is Teacher Qualification Certificate， and the other is Qualification Certificate for Special Education Teachers. Four relationships need to be well handled so as to establish China’s own Qualification system for special education teachers. They are：the relationship between teachers in compulsory educational system and those in non─compulsory education sector；the relationship between special education graduates from normal universities and graduates from other majors；the relationship between professional teachers in special schools and other professionals， and that between teachers in special schools╱classes and those in regular classes with the student with special needs.