热执行功能对儿童标准窗口任务测试的影响

The Effect of Hot Executive Function on Children’s Test with the Standard Windows Task

主要考察热执行功能对3~4岁儿童标准窗口任务测试的影响。实验采取3×3的被试间设计。设置了3种条件：标准指示、强化竞争指示和无对手指示；将随机抽取的270名被试分为3个年龄段，以检测3~4儿童在窗口任务中的认知发展趋势。结果表明：⑴热执行功能也是影响3~4儿童标准窗口任务测试的一个主要因素；⑵3岁后期是3~4岁儿童在标准窗口任务中所体现出来的认知发展差异的分界年龄；⑶3~4岁儿童在窗口任务中还表现出规则推理能力的差异。

The windows task， a nonverbal measure， which was first used by Russell in 1991， is used to test children’s strategic deception. Investigators such as Russell J， Hala S， and Carlson S M explored how the inhibitory control skill influenced 3- to 4-year-old children’s performance on the windows task. Their results revealed that younger children were incapable of strategic deception. Moreover， reducing the difficulty of the executive demands could make the children improve performance on all 20 of t