客体在视觉工作记忆中的存储机制

The Storage Mechanism of Objects in Visual Working Memory

采用变化觉察范式，通过两个实验对不同类型视觉信息在工作记忆中的存储机制进行了探讨。实验一中要求记忆的客体由颜色和形状两基本特征构成；实验二中的客体为具有不同颜色及开口朝向的栏道环。通过观察检测项变化方式对记忆绩效的影响，获得以下结论：(1)对颜色和形状两基本特征的存储以整合客体为单位；(2)栏道环的颜色与开口朝向信息难以以整合客体方式存储。笔者推测，视觉工作记忆中存储的整合客体并非如现有理论假设的，是在集中注意参与下创建的，而是由并行加工阶段所获信息构成；客体中所含需集中注意提取的细节特征信息难以与其基本特征信息整合于该客体表征。

IntroductionDuring the past years， the storage mechanism of visual working memory (VWM) has been extensively studied. Luck & Vogel (1997) indicated that the object stored in the visual working memory in an integrated manner， and that only 4 objects could be retained in VWM， regardless of the number of features containing in individual objects， which was called “strong object” hypothesis. However， more recent research revealed that object-based advantage was weakened when heterogeneous features w