加工水平对普通话与粤语记忆语言依赖效应的影响

Effect of Levels of Processing on Language-dependent Recall in Mandarin and Cantonese

通过两个实验，考察了加工水平对普通话和粤语记忆语言依赖效应的影响。实验1考察了在有意学习中的记忆语言依赖效应。结果表明，测验的语言环境对再认有重要影响。被试在粤语测验环境下对学习过的韩国语词再认反应时短，误报率却低，辨别力强，“记得”反应占优势。实验2考察了无意学习中的记忆语言依赖效应。结果表明，被试在粤语测验环境下，对评定过的韩国语词再认反应时短，误报率却高，辨别力差，但“记得”反应占优势；但在普通话测验环境下，对评定过的韩国语词再认反应时长，误报率却低，辨别力强，“知道”和“猜测”反应增加。整个研究表明，记忆的语言依赖效应在有意学习和无意学习中都存在，但有不同的趋势，表明加工水平是影响普通话和粤语记忆语言依赖效应的重要变量。

IntroductionLanguage-dependent effect is a new type of context-dependent memory， which combines the features of other types of dependent memory and has unique properties related to language. Through this effect， people may obtain a deeper understanding of the relationship between language and memory. Language-dependent effect is affected by many factors such as the familiarity of languages， characteristics of languages， and processing levels of learned materials. In this study， we determined the