古籍中自立涵义的概念分析

Concept Analysis on Meanings of Self-Supporting in Ancient Books

在收集到的200部常见古籍中对”自立”一词进行检索，并对”自立”进行了概念分析。结果如下：共检索到有”自立”一词的古籍98部；”自立”自春秋时起就广泛出现在各类典籍中。古籍中对自立的使用主要是从个体自立、事物自立、针对它物与他人的自立以及国家自立四个方面进行的，每个方面又包括多种具体含义。古籍中的自立人格特征可以分为主动性、道德性、独立性和其它四类。最后，对古籍中个体自立的实质、自立人格的结构以及本研究的优劣等问题进行了讨论，提出：古籍中的个体自立是一个含义复杂、渉及范围宽的概念。自修与立身是个体自立的两个基本内容。自立既是一种人格特征也是一种人格塑造方法。个体自立所包含的内容在长期历史发展过程中不断发展。强调道德因素与人际联结是自立与西方类概念的重要区别。

Self-supporting（自立）is an old concept in Chinese culture and regarded as the prime of Chinese national spirit. Self-supporting has been viewed as an important character or moral quality. From the perspective of personality psychology， it can be regard as a personality construct. The meaning of self-supporting was not always clear. Sometimes it was equated to the Western concepts such as autonomy and independence. The present study aimed to clarify the meaning of self-supporting in ancient Chinese books and compared it with the West concepts such as autonomy and independence.