見樹又見林：從三大面向看當代芬蘭幼教

Seeing the Forest and the Trees: Contemporary Finnish Early Childhood Education from Three Perspectives

本研究旨試圖從政策、幼兒園教學、家長育兒等三大面向，構築當代芬蘭幼兒教育的樣貌。透過觀察與訪談收集第一手資料，從政策、幼兒園教學、家長育兒三大面向進行資料蒐集，並以反思性主題方法進行資料分析，研究發現有三：1.芬蘭政府提供育兒福利，Neuvola提供全面健康檢查，並支持多樣化選擇，包括幼兒教育機構及支持性學習環境2.幼兒園強調戶外教育、自主能力，老師工作彈性。學前混齡班課程靈活，環境舒適，促進幼兒和老師共同成長。3.家長從政府獲得多元育兒支持與資源，在校大多有良好親師關係且受個別化教學。家長信任老師照顧孩子。尊重多元發展教養觀強調自主與興趣。整體而言芬蘭政策以信任和多元支持為基礎，幼兒教育從政策、機構到家長都在此脈絡中得以運作，文末並提出可供台灣參酌之處。

This study aims to provide insights into contemporary early childhood education in Finland across policy, curriculum implementation, and parenting dimensions. Observation, interviews, and reflective thematic analysis were conducted in data collection. Three key findings emerge: (1) The Finnish government offers diverse childcare benefits and comprehensive health services through Neuvola, supporting varied choices in early childhood education. (2) Daycare and preschools prioritize outdoor education, independence, and teacher flexibility, fostering a conducive environment for child and teacher growth. (3) Parents benefit from extensive government support and maintain positive relationships with teachers, emphasizing trust and autonomy in multi-developmental parenting. Overall, Finland's trust-based policies and diversified support systems offer valuable lessons for Taiwan to consider in enhancing its early childhood education framework.