中国内地教师领导的障碍与条件

Impediments and Conditions for Teacher Leadership in the Chinese Mainland

研究证明，教师领导对教师专业发展和提高学生的学术成就有一定的好处。然而，教师领导不会自动实现，它需要人为的努力，并为其扫清障碍。在中国内地，教师领导面临着三大障碍：(1)行政权力对教师自主与选择的压抑；(2)应试教育对教师领导多方面的破坏；(3)行政对骨干教师各方面的支持不足。与此相应，发展教师领导需要三个基本条件：一是权力下放和市场介入，二是重建教师发展的专业价值，三是学校领导给予领袖教师更多的支持。

The advantages of teacher leadership in teacher professional development and in improving student achievement have been substantiated by research. However， the realization of teacher leadership requires serious intervention. In the Chinese Mainland， teacher leadership is confronted with three major impediments：(1) repression of teacher autonomy and choice by administrative forces;(2) impairment of teacher leadership by exam-oriented education; and(3) inadequate administrative support for key teachers. Correspondingly， the development of teacher leadership requirement three necessary conditions：decentralization of power and market intervention; reconstruction of professional values for teacher development; and adequate support for teacher leaders by the relationship of schools. With findings from an empirical research， this paper attempts to depict the aforementioned impediments and conditions for the development of teacher leadership.