学者行会的成员资格 ─ 中世纪大学教师录用的历史考察

The Member Qualification of School Guild ─ A Historical Investigation on Employment of Faculty in Middle Ages

中世纪大学具有浓厚的行会色彩，因此，作为学者行会的中世纪大学在其组织成员资格的确认上有其独特的制度逻辑。在中世纪，获得学位既是对申请者学术经历和学术能力的标准和认可，更是申请者获得学者行会成员资格、进而开张授业的必备条件。学位的申请和获得有着严格的标准和程序，并伴随着隆重的仪式。

In Middle Ages the college was like a guild. There was a unique system to affirm qualifications of membership of a guild. Acquiring an academic degree was a sign of approving an applicant’s academic experience and competence， and also a requisite for an applicant to apply for membership and start business. There were strict criteria and procedures to apply for a degree. The ceremony of awarding a degree was grand.