中国古代社学教化职能初探

Preliminary Study of Shexue as an Important Way of Social Education in China’s Ancient Society

社学是中国古代社会中较为特殊的初等教育机构，也是封建统治者推行地方教化的一种重要形式。这种教化职能体现在三个方面：举行乡约、举行各种礼俗活动、进行社会评议，其目的在于改革社会风俗习惯。社学的教化实践活动有其独特的效果，在地方教化及地方自治中起到了一定的作用，客观上推动了儒家德育社会化和世俗化风气的形成。

Shexue was a kind of special， community-run institute of primary education in China’s feudal society and an important way of local social education propelled by the feudal rulers. Its function is expressed in three aspects， namely， holding the Xiangyue， holding various custom activities and carrying on social comments. Its purpose lies in reforming social manners and customs. The practice of the social education of Shexue has unique effects. It exerted some influence on the local social education and local autonomy， and objectively promoted the socialization and secularization of the Confucian moral.