20世纪上半叶中国初中几何教科书的演变及其启示

Evolution of Geometry Textbooks for Junior High Schools in China during the first half of 20th Century and its Implications

20世纪上半叶中国初中几何教科书的发展经历了三个阶段：第一阶段（1901─1922年）：以翻译日本的几何教科书为主；第二阶段（1923─1928年）：首次把几何内容与代数、三角等内容混合编写；第三阶段（1929─1949年）：首次在初中开设实验几何课程。初中几何教科书的演变给我们以下几点启示：几何教育价值观的对峙与调整是初中几何教科书演变的内动力；几何与代数、三角等内容混合编写应突出数学的”整体性”；初中几何教科书编写写在实验与论证之间寻找恰当的平衡点。

During the first half of 20th century， the development of geometry textbooks for junior high schools underwent three stages：during the first stage from 1091 to 1922， geometry textbooks in China were mainly translated versions of Japanese ones；during the second stage from 1923 to 1928， an effort was made to compile the textbook with a mixture of geometry， arithmetic， algebra and so on；and during the third stage from 1929 to 1949， experimental geometry was started as a curriculum in junior high schools. The evolution of geometry textbooks for junior high schools provides the following implications：the confliction and adjustment of the value of geometry education is the inner impetus of the evolution；the mixture of geometry， arithmetic and algebra should stress mathematics as a whole；a proper equilibrium point should be found between experiment and reasoning in compilation.