知识经济时代的职业教育

Technical and Vocational Education and Training in the Knowledge ─ Based Economy

研究知识经济发展及其对劳动力和职业教育的要求和挑战，是一项重要课题。人类经历了农业经济和工业经济，正在进入知识经济形态。作为发展中国家，中国正处于工业化进程中的知识经济时代。知识经济的崛起必将引起产业结构和就业结构的转变，进而对劳动力提出新的要求，使职业教育面临着诸多严峻的挑战。其挑战主要体现如下：劳动者不断提升技能和技能的频繁转换需求对供应驱动的职业教育发展模式的挑战；以多种职业技能为核心的劳动者综合素质要求对传统职业教育人才培养模式挑战；工作本位学习和非正戈学习等需求对职业教育体系中企业职业教育簿弱现状的挑战；持续的终身学习需求对以开展职业学历教育为主要功能的学校形态职业教育的挑战。

It is a significant task to study the requirements and challenges posed by the knowledge─based economy on the labor force and technical and vocational education and training. After the agricultural economy and industrial economy， the world is stepping into the knowledge─based economy. As a developing country， China is now in the age of knowledge─based economy during the process of industrialization. The rising of knowledge─based economy has resulted in changes in the industrial and employment structures and hence many severe challenges to TVET. The major challenges are as following：the challenge to the supply─driven TVET development pattern as a result of the continuous requirement of workers to improve their skills and the requirement for a frequent change of skills， the challenge to the traditional TVET mode posed by the requirement for multi─skilled workers of comprehensive quality， the challenge from the requirement of work─based learning and informal learning to the weak TVET in the enterprises， as well as the challenge of life─long learning to the school TVET whose major function is the pre─work education for degree.