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篇名
當前美國中等學校
作者 張奉箴
中文摘要
我國中等學校,不可否認地受到美國中等學校的影響很大。美國的學校系統有其獨特的內容和獨特的組織。這和美國獨特傳統,需要、並文化的發展是有密切關係的。本文試就學校特徵,歷史演進,教學目標,課程內容,課外活動及輔導計劃,簡介當前美國中等學校的現狀,藉收切磋之效。
英文摘要
The American educational system consists of three Principal divisions, somewhat clearly defined in major outlines: elementary, secondary, and higher levels. The American school system is based on a twelve-ladder one. The organization of schools within the twelve-grade system varies; but, in spite of the variations, the twelve-grade system is almost universal. As a rule, the curriculum of both private and public schools is conservative. To a rather large extent, the American secondary school is a creature of its past. At least four secondary institutions have formed in a line of succession in the evolution of the American high schools the Latin-Grammar school, the Academy, the private venture school, and the high school. While the secondary schools through the Latin Grammar, Academy, private venture school, and high school, have carried with them by implication a lower form of educational organization, as well as a higher-college-form, the out lines of these have not been sharply defined. The more clearly defined these lines of cleavage are and the more extensive the units involved, the greater the need on the part of the teacher for a thorough appreciation of the place and nature of the task of modern high schools in a democratic society. Some educational experts have proclaimed that the secondary schools should serve the needs of all American youths. Other experts have maintained that their primary mission was intellectual, i.e., to teach pupils to think. Issues concerning the very roles and purposes of American secondary schools are no more settled today than they were years age. The secondary school corriculum is the result of many influence. The curriculum is not confined only to the course taught in the school; it includes the extracurriculum and the guidance as will. the extracurriculum may well provide educational essentials that are impossible in the regular academic program. the guidance program, when well-organized, also provides essential services. To spot trend in secondary education in the United States, it seems that schools are becoming more responsive and humane, and that they are attempting to provide curricula and methods that are really relevant and practical in meeting both personal and societal needs.
起訖頁 93-124
刊名 教育學刊  
期數 198009 (2期)
出版單位 國立高雄師範大學教育學系
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