探討青少年A型量表之多向性特質--以心理健康角度分析之

The Multidimensionality of Type A Questionnaire for Adolescent: From the Perspective of Mental Health

本研究旨在探討青少年A型量表（Type A Questionnaire for the Finnish Multicenter Study， AFMS）之多向性，並以自主、自尊、生氣特質、目標導向、社交焦慮、快樂感受量表為效標驗證之。受試者為臺北縣修德國小六年級學生（12歲），有效樣本235人。結果顯示：（1）「不耐－攻擊」是負向的，與低自尊、生氣、社交焦慮有關，而「領導－責任」是正向的，與自主、高自尊、目標導向、快樂有關。是故，此二者與心理健康指標的關係彷彿南轅北轍。（2）以自尊量表為例，「不耐－攻擊」與「領導－責任」分量表，兩者不相干且互相獨立，卻同等貢獻於總分，這使得此二量表對自尊的效果，正負向互相抵銷，彼此中和，造成「A型總分」與自尊呈零相關。（3）將受試分成四種A/B型組型時，結果顯示：不同於傳統A型傾向者（「高攻擊高領導」）被視為適應不良的形象，低攻擊高領導者具有心理健康的特性。

The purpose of this study is to validate the multidimensionality of Type A Questionnaire for the Finnish Multicenter Study (AFMS) by using self-autonomic， self-esteem， anger quality， goal-orientation， social anxiety， and happiness scales as validity criterion. The subjects are 235 six-graders (age 12) in elementary school.It shows that: Impatience-aggression is negative for mental health; however， leadership-responsibility is positive for mental health.Take self-esteem scale for example: The correlation between the total score in AFMS and self-esteem is not significant. This shows that leadership-responsibility， and impatience-aggression subscales are independent but equally contribute to total score in Type A scale. That is the reason why the correlation between the total score in AFMS and self-esteem is not significant.Besides， when we separate the subjects into four groups， the ANOVA shows that people in low aggression/high leadership group are mental healthy.