應用多元策略降低社區老人跌倒發生率

Use of Multiple Strategies to Reduce Fall Incidence in the Community-dwelling Elderly

跌倒常是老人意外受傷的主因，跌倒的後續影響不僅是醫療費用的支出，更易造成失能、憂鬱、生活品質下降，甚至演變至死亡。本社區內老人因發生跌倒造成慢性病以外之各項傷害。經現況分析，發現社區老人平時無運動習慣、下肢肌力不足、無給予適當之運動衛教、缺乏衛教之輔助用具和護理師無接受高齡老人專業運動訓練，造成跌倒發生率高。經實施改善方案：推派專責人員參與高齡專業運動訓練培訓課程、規劃老人運動課程、修訂防跌衛教指引、加強社區內影音及海報宣導等措施介入後，社區老人跌倒發生率由1.47%降至0.88%。使用多元化的衛教策略，且依據老人狀況設計適宜衛教方式，可增強記憶並提高衛教之成效。

One of the leading causes of accidental injuries to the elderly is Falling. The impacts of the falling are medical expenses, disability, depression, reduced quality of life, and death. Falls are one of the significant causes of injury in the targeted community other than chronic diseases. After careful analysis of the data collected in the targeted community, the results indicate that the elderly have very little exercise habits, insufficient muscle strength in the lower extremities, and no proper exercise program, tools, and well-trained personnel to provide the needed training. All factors above contribute to the high incidence of falls in the community. After implementing the improvement plan: sending personnel to participate in senior exercise training courses, creating elderly exercise programs, revising anti-fall health education guidelines, and improving audiovisual systems and posters to promote the importance of exercising, the incidence of elderly falls in the community reduced from 1.47% to 0.88%.Using a variety of senior health education strategies and designing appropriate health education methods based on the needs of the elderly can sufficiently improve the effectiveness of health education and provide long-lasting results.