文章結構標示與閱讀理解--以低年級學生為例

Improving Children's Reading Comprehension with Highlighted Text Structures

本研究期冀以標示文章結構和附加問題提升小學一至三年級兒童的閱讀理解。研究者採用故事體和說明文兩種文體的文章，將文中與文體結構有關的關鍵語詞以Flash動畫或採用附加問題標示出來。103位學童在電腦上分別閱讀經過標示的文章和未標示過的文章，讀後並進行主旨題、重點記憶題和辨識題的閱讀理解測驗。研究結果顯示，在控制識字量以後，整體而言，標示有助於主旨和重點記憶成績的提升。附加問題對一年級學生來說可能增加閱讀負擔而對理解提升沒有幫助。此外，學生在辨識題的答對率都比主旨題或重點記憶題好，顯示學生讀過文章後能辨識所讀的是什麼，卻無法整合所讀，產生主旨。這是教學上值得注意的地方。

The objective of this study is to help school-aged children with highlighted text structures in order to improve their reading comprehension. With the help of Flash software or adjunct questions， text structures and key words were emphasized. To prove the effectiveness of the innovation， experiments were conducted at one of Taipei elementary schools. 103 first to third grade students participated in the study. Recognition and memory of key concepts and main ideas were tested. Results have shown positive effect of the structure-highlighted text in promoting reading comprehension. However， as child aged， the amount of word recognition played a crucial part in the explanation of comprehension scores. Details and its application will be discussed in the paper.