吃魚抑或放生的抉擇：論唐五代小說中的一種魚類變形故事

The Choice Between Eating Fish and Releasing It: Treating One Kind of Stories of Transformation about Fish in the Novels of the Tang Wu Dai

承顓頊和鯀等魚神話中關於變形與死亡的思索，唐五代小說在「吃魚抑或放生」之思維下，發展唐前志怪中的「放生得福」、「吃魚速禍」等魚故事，創作出許多關於魚命去留的魚類變形故事。這些故事主要有「人化魚形」、「魚化人形」、「魚龍互化」三種類型，大抵訴說著魚面臨生死存亡之際的掙扎，以及人對於吃魚與否的抉擇。其中實寓涵著唐人對於生命意義的思索，就魚體而言，是命運與意志的拔河；就得魚的人而言，則是道德的考驗，一般指向「異魚不可食，食則速禍」的衡量。

Followed the thinking about Transformation and death in the fish Myths of Zhuan-Xu and Gun, the Novels of the Tang Wu Dai developed the fish stories about 'releasing fish would get the fortune' and 'eating fish would incur the disaster' in the supernatural tales before Tang Dynasty around the thought of 'the choice between eating fish and releasing it'. These stories mainly have three kinds that 'the people transform into the fish', 'the fish transform into the people', and 'the fish transform into the dragon or inverts said', which roughly describe the struggles situation when the fish faced with life and death, and make the choice that the people decided to eat fish or not. They really implicate the thinking about life significance by Tang people, speaking of the fish, it's a tug of war between volition and destiny; speaking of the people who get the fish, it's a moral test which point to the consideration that 'don't eat the strange fish, or you will incur the disaster'.