本文嘗試以人格的自由開展做為德國學校的核心基礎，從德國憲法學的觀點論述多元文化在德國學校的建構。在整體論文的架構上，本文一開始將論述德國學校歷史發展與多元文化的關係；其次，嘗試從多元文化在德國學校高權的憲法連結出發，論述德國在國家教育委託的憲法基礎，並建構《基本法》的合憲秩序做為國家共同體的教育基礎；接著，論述德國各邦憲法與學校法的教育目標，進一步瞭解德國宗教教育目標的實證規定爭議，並整合學生的人格自由開展與合憲秩序做為憲法的教育目標；最後，從學生的人格自由開展為核心去建構多元文化的學校，藉此建立一個多元而中立與寬容的學校，以落實學生的人格自由開展。

This article attempts to utilize the free development of personalities as the core foundation of German schools and to discuss the constitutional structure of diversified culture in German schools from the perspective of German constitutional jurisprudence. First, this article will discuss the relationship between the historical development of German schools and diversified culture. Next, this article will attempt to start from the constitutional nexus of diversified culture under German school powers to discuss the constitutional basis of state entrustment of education in Germany and to construct the constitutional order of the Basic Law as the foundation of education of the commonwealth. Further, this article will discuss the goals of education under individual state constitutions and state school laws in Germany to further understand the positive regulation of the goals of German religious education and to integrate the free development of students’ personalities and constitutional order as the goal of education under the Constitution. Finally, this article will attempt to construct diversified schools using the free development of students’ personalities as the core in order to establish a diversified, neutral and tolerable school system to implement the free development of students’ personalities.