四諦正念調適模式在專業助人工作者中的意涵

Four-Truths Mindfulness Adjustment Model for Self-Care of Professional Helpers

專業助人者在長期幫助人的過程中，自己可能也有高負荷的慢性壓力、耗竭、替代創傷或其它困境。然而，國內助人者自我照顧的議題較少在學校的課程中討論。再者，助人機構往往關注於助人者的績效，相對較少提供對助人者的協助。除了主管、督導或同儕的支持外，助人者平日也需要培養自我照顧的能力。本文的目的是探討在東方佛學脈絡下的正念治療如何緩解人的壓力和苦難，和其對助人者的助益。本文回顧正念治療的核心概念，和正念治療的方法和療效。此外本文探討正念治療的改變和模式，進而提出筆者發展出的一個四諦正念調適模式來協助助人者的自我照顧。文末筆者提出結論與建議。

In the long-term process of helping clients, professional helpers may have chronicle stress, burnout, vicarious traumatization and other adversities. However, self-care issues of professional helpers have rarely been discussed in the school curriculums. Institutions tended to focus on the performance of helpers and have placed less focus on the systemic assistance to the helpers. In addition to supervision or peer support, professional helpers need to develop self-help skills. The purpose of this study was to explore how mindfulness therapy might alleviate people's stress and sufferings and how it could benefit helpers. This study reviewed the core concepts of mindfulness therapy and its methods and effects. In addition, the study explored the mechanism and models of mindfulness therapy and developed a Four-Truths mindfulness adjustment model to assist helpers' self-care. Conclusions and recommendations are provided.